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Syringe Design Change Could Cut HIV Transmission
听力内容：
60秒科学节目（SSS）是科学美国人网站的一套广播栏目，英文名称：Scientific American – 60 Second Science,节目内容以科学报道为主，节目仅一分钟的时间，主要对当今的科学技术新发展作以简明、通俗的介绍，对于科学的发展如何影响人们的生活环境、健康状况及科学技术，提供了大量简明易懂的阐释。
Sharing syringes is a big no-no. But despite the warnings, needle sharing among injection drug users is still a significant cause for the spread of HIV and other infectious diseases.
But HIV transmission due to needle sharing could be nearly eradicated by merely changing the design of the syringe. So says a study in theInternational Journal of Drug Policy. [William A. Zule et al., Are major reductions in new HIV infections possible with people who inject drugs? The case for low dead-space syringes in highly affected countries]
When the plunger on a syringe is fully depressed, a small amount of fluid stays trapped in what is known as the “dead space.” By reducing the amount of dead space in the syringe design, researchers say they can reduce the amount of infectious blood trapped inside by a factor of a thousand—and thus vastly reduce the numbers of viral particles available to spread disease.
Using a simulation model, the authors found that switching to low-dead-space syringes could reduce annual HIV infections from syringe sharing to nearly zero within eight years.
Although there are still a number of barriers to making low-dead-space syringes available worldwide, the authors say this low-cost intervention could help keep drug users—and their families—disease free.
—Gretchen Cuda Kroen
