PTE考生目前最大的问题之一就是练习题缺乏。除了有限的基本官方书（PLUS，Testbuilder, OG）之外就没有题了。很多英语基础不是很扎实的同学很难找到练习材料。悉尼文波雅思PTE培训学校专门为澳洲，尤其是悉尼、墨尔本的PTE考生准备了适合PTE听力阅读练习的科学60秒。各位PTE同学可以练习PTE听力中的summarise spoken text和PTE口语中的retell lecture，PTE听力口语-科学60秒-Frosty Moss练习记笔记技巧和复述。废话少说，下面开始：
This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I’mChristopher Intagliata.
Got a minute?
You are what you eat, the old expression goes. But it leaves out one crucial detail. “We don’t dine alone.We dine with trillions of friends.” Jeff Gordon, amicrobiologist at Washington University in SaintLouis. “And they are partners in consuming these meals and ingredients.”
Those friends—they’re microbes in our guts. They break down dinner, including otherwiseindigestible stuff, and pass the leftovers on to more microbes. Creating a complex food webinside us.
But that microbial garden is a lot more diverse in people who eat a calorie–restricted,veggie–rich diet. The typical American diet on the other hand—breads, meat, cheese, not a lotof veggies—doesn’t raise up near as diverse a crop of microbes.
And microbial diversity matters. Because in a mouse model, Gordon’s team found that, if yougive up the American diet, in favor of a healthier one with lots of veggies—the “Americanized“gut bacteria, being less diverse, aren’t primed to respond. They’re not great at regrouping,to accommodate all the nutrients in kale and broccoli and so on. The study is in the journalCell Host & Microbe.
All this isn’t to say you shouldn’t try to eat healthier. Because it’s not clear how this microbialefficiency translates into human health. Or to what extent you might be able to pick upbeneficial microbes from those around you, as they demonstrated mice can, in this study. ButGordon’s colleague Nick Griffin had this prediction: “It’s entirely possible that in the futurewe’ll more and more recognize a need to reinstall absent populations of bacteria in people asthey’re looking to change their diet for benefits to health.”
Until then—next time you’re about to fertilize your microbial flora with a patty melt—youmight just wanna do a gut check first.
Thanks for the minute for Scientific American — 60-Second Science Science. I’m JasonGoldman.
