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Bell’s inequality is a mathematical statement that is able to distinguish between two different views of reality. One view of the reality comes really from the work of Albert Einstein, where when he was studying features of quantum physics, strange features, which basically said that something you do over here could in some quantum mechanic way influence something over there instantaneously. Einstein said that can’t really be what’s going on. It must be that secretly whatever is happening here and there has already determined before you undertake a measurement over here, so what you do here doesn’t really affect what’s over there. They’ve already in place secretly, you may have not known that, but that’s how reality’s constructed. That view of reality versus the standard quantum view, where indeed you do something over here and in a quantum way, does affect something over there. That was the second view. Nobody knew how to distinguish these two views of reality until John Bell came along and he wrote down the mathematically statement that can be in principle tested, and years later, it was tested. And the outcome of that experiment that comes out of his inequality could distinguish between Einstein’s view of reality and quantum view of reality.
