相信这个地球上没有谁的口才能比奥巴马更接近雅思范文了！在这次和BBC记者进行的采访对话中，奥巴马谈及了当前国际上各类热点，面对各种刁钻的问题从容不迫，对于各类复杂句式和学术词汇的运用可谓是出神入化，非常值得大家学习。接下来墨尔本文波雅思就为你带来一字不落的完整原文赏析！（斜体字为记者问题）
Going to Kenya
去非洲推广企业家精神，给年轻人希望，支持中国援助非洲，宣传民主，反对同性恋歧视
Mr President, you’re about to fly to Kenya, to your ancestral（祖先的） home. Given the al-Shabaab attacks on the West Gate mall and Garissa University, I’m sure your secret service could’ve suggested other countries for you to visit. But you wanted to go to Kenya.
非洲发生了各种袭击事件（很危险），为什么你还要去访问你祖先的故乡肯尼亚？
Well, I think it is important first of all that the president of the United States underscores（ “下划”，强调） our commitment to partnering with（成为伙伴关系） countries around the world, even though we’re not intimidated by terrorist organisations. Second, the counterterrorism co-operation（反恐合作） between the United States and Kenya – and Uganda and other countries – in East Africa – is very strong.
And part of the subject of the visit is to continue to strengthen those ties（加强联结关系） to make them more effective. Third, as I wind down（逐步结束，放松下来）my presidency, I’ve already had a number of visits to Africa. But this gives me an opportunity to focus on a region that I have not been visiting as president, and I’m also going to have the opportunity to talk to the African Union.
So I’ll be the first US president to not only visit Kenya and Ethiopia, but also to address the continent as a whole, building off（构建） the African summit（峰会，首脑会议） that we did here which was historic and has, I think, deepened the kinds of already strong relationships（加深已经很密切的关系） that we have across the continent.
And you’re going to talk about entrepreneurship（企业家精神） at this summit in Nairobi.
Uh-huh.
Is there any link between security and entrepreneurship?
国家安全和企业家精神有什么联系？
I think there is. I believe that when people see opportunity, when they have a sense of control of their own destiny, then they’re less vulnerable to the propaganda（传教） and twisted ideologies（扭曲的意识形态） that have been attracting young people – particularly now being turbocharged（被涡轮加速，形容极大的影响） through social media.
And a while back, when we started looking at strategies to reach out to the Muslim world – to reach out to – developed countries, a common theme emerged（一个通用的主题出现了）, which was people are not interested in – just being patrons（庇护者）- or – or being patronised（被保护）, and being given aid. They’re interested in building capacity（提高个人能力）.
The more we can encourage entrepreneurship, particularly for young people, the more they have hope. Now that requires some reforms in these governments, that we continue to emphasise rooting out（连根拔除） corruption, increased transparency and how government operates, making sure that regulations are not designed just to advantage elites（让精英阶层获利）, but are allowing people who have a good idea to get out there and get things done.
And I suppose the – you know, you famously said when you went to Africa, I think when you first became president, you know, “What we need is strong institutions and not strong men”. You’re going to Ethiopia, where there is effectively no opposition（反对派） in Parliament.
Right.
You’re going to Kenya, where the International Criminal Court is still investigating certain members of the government, which seems kind of hardly ideal（并不理想的） institutions.
肯尼亚和非洲的政府机构并不是你当初就任时提到的理想政府，你怎么看？
Well, they’re not ideal institutions. But what we found is, is that when we combined blunt talk （生硬的讲话）with engagement（许诺）, that gives us the best opportunity to influence and open up space for（创造空间） civil society. And the human rights agenda（人权议程） that we think is so important. And, you know, a good example of this is Burma, where I was the first US president to visit there.
At a time when we saw some possibility of transition, by the time I landed in Burma – it is not a liberal democracy by any means（完全不是自由民主国家）. And there were still significant human rights violations（侵犯人权现象）taking place. But my visit then solidified（稳固） and validated（验证） the work of dissenters（反对者） and human rights activists（积极参与者）.
And that has continued to allow them to move in the direction of a democracy. So, so our view is, in the same way that I visited Russia, and in the same way that I visited China, even when we know that there are significant human rights violations taking place, we want to make sure that we’re there so that we can have this conversation and point them in a better direction.
通过国家间对话，指引一条更好的路线，走向民主
Well, haven’t the Chinese got there first in Africa? You’re going to go to the African Union Building, which was built with Chinese money, you’re going to travel along Chinese-built roads, you’re going to go past endless Chinese traders on those roads.
中国是否已经先占领了非洲，你去非洲呆的楼是中国出钱造的，走的路是中国出钱修的，还有无数中国生意人在非洲，你怎么看？
Well, the – what is true is that China has – over the last several years, because of the surplus that they’ve accumulated in global trade（国际贸易顺差） and the fact that they’re not accountable to their constituencies（无法对赞助者负责）, have been able to funnel（通过漏斗，投入） an awful lot of money（土豪到离谱） into Africa, basically in exchange for raw materials that are being extracted（提取原材料） from Africa.
And what is certainly true is that the United States has to have a presence（出席，存在） to promote the values that we care about. We welcome Chinese aid into Africa. I think we think that’s a good thing. We don’t want to discourage it. As I’ve said before, what I also want to make sure though is that trade is benefiting the ordinary Kenyan and the ordinary Ethiopian and the ordinary Guinean and not just a few elites. And the Chinese, who then get the resources that they need. And I think that we can help to shape an agenda（勾画议程） where China, Europe, and the United States are all working together in order to address some of these issues.
I’m going to suggest there may be one other difficult issue when you’re there. And that’s the issue of homosexuality, gay marriage, after the Supreme Court ruling. I mean, the deputy president（副总统） in Kenya, who you’re going to meet, Mr Ruto, he said – “We have heard that in the US they have allowed gay relations and other dirty things.”
你对非洲领导人反对同性恋婚姻怎么看？
Yeah. Well, I disagree with him on that, don’t I? And I’ve had this experience before when we’ve visited Senegal in my last trip to Africa. I think that the president there President Sall, is doing a wonderful job in moving the country forward – a strong democrat（民主主义者）. But in a press conference, I was very blunt（直率强硬的） about my belief that everybody deserves fair treatment, equal treatment in the eyes of the law and the state.
And that includes gays, lesbians, transgender persons. I am not a fan of discrimination（厌恶歧视） and bullying（欺凌） of anybody on the basis of race, on the basis of religion, on the basis of sexual orientation（性取向） or gender. And I think that this is actually part and parcel of the agenda that’s also going to be front and centre（前沿和核心的）, and that is how we are treating women and girls.
And as somebody who has family in Kenya and knows the history of how the country so often is held back（经常被抑制） because women and girls are not treated fairly, I think those same values apply when it comes to different sexual orientations.
The next step of the Iran nuclear deal
伊朗核武器问题
Can we just move from difficult conversations that you’re about to have in Kenya and the excruciatingly（极其痛苦的） difficult conversations that you had in getting the Iran nuclear deal? I’m sure some people would say that yes, you’ve set out the case where there is no pathway to a nuclear bomb now for Iran – But, the net effect of lifting sanctions（提高制裁） is that billions more will go to groups like Hezbollah, the Assad regime, and that is going to destabilise（动摇） the region even more.
问伊朗制裁的难度和各种危险组织的影响
Well, keep in mind, first of all, we’ve shut off the pathways（切断渠道） for Iran getting a nuclear weapon, which was priority number one. Because if Iran obtained a nuclear weapon, then they could cause all those same problems that you just listed with the protection of a nuclear bomb. And create much greater strategic challenges for the United States, for Israel, for our Gulf allies, for our European allies.
Second, it is true that by definition, in a negotiation and a deal like this, Iran gets something out of it. The sanctions regime that we put in place with the hope of the Brits, but also the Chinese and the Russians and others meant that they had funds that were frozen（冻结的资金）. They get those funds back. A large portion of those funds are going to have to be used for them to rebuild their economy.
That was the mandate that elected Rouhani. And the supreme leader is feeling pressure there. Does the IRGC [Revolutionary Guard] or the Quds Force have more resources? Probably, as the economy in Iran improves. But the challenge that we’ve had, when it comes to Hezbollah, for example, aiming rockets into Israel is not a shortage of resources.
Iran has shown itself to be willing, even in the midst of real hardship（插入语让步，在极度困难之中）, to fund what they consider to be strategy priorities. The challenge is us making sure that we’ve got the interdiction capacity（封锁能力）, the intelligence, that we are building a much stronger defence against some of these proxy wars（代理纷争） and asymmetric efforts（不对等投入）. And we’ve sent a clear message to the Iranians. We are settling the Iran deal, but we still have a big account that we’re going to have to work, hopefully some of it diplomatically（外交上）, if necessary some of it militarily（军事上）.
And you’ve had an intense campaign to settle the argument, which you’ve set out with great confidence.
Yes.
Have you managed to change anyone’s mind yet of the Gulf states（海湾国家） or in Congress（国会）?
你和海湾国家和伊朗国会是否达成了共识？
Well, in Congress I’m confident that we’re going to be able to make sure that the deal sticks. With respect to the Gulf states we had the leaders up to Camp David. And I described for them our interest in making sure that they built their capacity to defend themselves and their territory and to make sure that destabilising activities that Iran may be engaging in are checked. But keep in mind, our Gulf partners, for example, their combined defense budget is ten times Iran’s defense budget.
But have they got the willingness to fight in the –
他们是否有意愿做斗争？
Well, and – and – and that’s the issue. And that’s the challenge as – so the point that I made to them consistently is, you have a strong, reliable partner in the United States. But ultimately, how issues get resolved in the Middle East is going to depend on both strengthening military capacity（军事能力）, but also addressing the underlying social and political issues that may lead not only to Iran being able to stir up（惹起） problems among Shia populations, but also addressing some of the issues that are leading to the enormous and significant threat（重大） that they face from ISIL.
The UK and IS air strikes
对于英国加入对IS空袭的看法
Nowhere is facing greater instability, and you mention ISIL, than in Syria. It looks like the British may be about to start flying alongside America and launching airstrikes. Would you welcome that?
Let me first of all say that Prime Minister David Cameron’s been an outstanding partner of ours on not just the anti-ISIL coalition（反IS联合行动）, but on a whole host of security issues. And I want to congratulate his government for meeting the commitment of the 2% defence budget. Because we don’t have a more important partner than Great Britain.
And for him to make that commitment, when he has a budget agenda that is, you know confined, a budget envelope that is confined, is really significant. And it is important for British leadership, but it’s important for US stability. Now, with respect to Syria, we consult closely, Britain’s one of the leading members of the 60-nation coalition that’s addressing ISIL.
In combination with the Turks and the Jordanians and others, what we are trying to do is not only shrink the environment in which ISIL can operate, but also to create an environment in which we stop the border flows of foreign fighters into Syria, we’ve made progress there, we need to make more, and that’s where Great Britain’s participation can help.
But the second part of this is pushing Assad, the Russians, the Iranians, into recognising there’s got to be a political transition（政治转型） before Syria pulls the entire region into what could be an even longer and more bloody conflict.
You talk about the 2% defence spending in Britain. I’m right in thinking that there was quite a bit of pressure put on from here, saying it would be very bad if you didn’t.
英国国防花了那么多钱，你有压力么？
I wouldn’t say pressure. I think I had an honest conversation with David that Great Britain has always been our best partner. Well, you know, I guess you could go back to 1812 and that would (LAUGH) you know, that –
When we tried to burn this place down?
Yeah, right, right. But that’s ancient history –
History.
In modern times there’s no country where we have closer affinity in terms of values, and on the international stage a nation with greater capacity. And so I think David understands that part of the greatness of Great Britain, of the United Kingdom is that it is willing, as we are, to project power beyond（投入力量） our immediate self-interests to make this a more orderly（有秩序的）, safer world.
Leaving the EU
对于英国准备退出欧盟的看法
And people have talked about strategic shrinkage (收缩). That Britain is no longer playing its place on the world stage in the way that it used to. There’s going to be a referendum（全民公决投票） on whether we stay in the European Union or not. And David Miliband, the former foreign secretary, he said, “It’s almost like Britain would be resigning from the world and no US government would be impressed by that.”
Well, I – you know, obviously the – the whole debate that’s been taking place about the European Union, the eurozone, Greece that’s a complicated piece of business. I will say this, that having the United Kingdom in the European Union gives us much greater confidence about the strength of the transatlantic（横跨大西洋的） union and is part of the cornerstone of institutions built after World War II that has made the world safer and more prosperous（繁荣的）.
And we want to make sure that United Kingdom continues to have that influence. Because we believe that the values that we share are the right ones, not just for ourselves, but for Europe as a whole and the world as a whole.
Obama’s legacy
奥巴马的离任遗产
Can we just talk about, because you mentioned a moment ago about that you’re in the tail end of your presidency. After the midterm elections, I read every commentator say, “Well, this administration is effectively over now. The president is a dead man walking. And nothing is going to happen until 2016.”
Right.
Except that you’ve kind of got this deal, you’ve got Cuba, diplomatic relations, healthcare reform embedded, major trade deal with Asia. It’s not a question of journalist–
Climate change agenda with China. I’ve got a pretty long list.
Okay, so it’s not a question that a journalist often asks, what’s gone right?
是什么让你这么牛的？跟后生们分享一下经验吧！
(LAUGH) You know the – it’s interesting – that one of my – every president, every leader has strengths and weaknesses. One of my strengths is I have a pretty even temperament（脾气比较平和）. I don’t get too high when it’s high and I don’t get too low when it’s low. And what I found during the course of the presidency, and I suppose this is true in life, is that investments and work that you make back here sometimes take a little longer than the 24-hour news cycle to bear fruit（较长时间才能结果）.
So some of this is just some serendipity（意外新发现的运气） and convergence（聚合） of a lot of things that we had been working on for a very long time coming together. But some of it is I also believe a recognition that the kind of gridlock and obstruction（僵局和障碍） that Congress and the Republicans in Congress too often have engaged in is something that we just can’t afford at a time when the world is moving so fast and there are so many challenges. And the robust exertion（健康的运用） of executive authority within the lawful constraints that we operate under（在法律允许的范围内） is something that we’ve been spending a lot of time thinking about.
