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The name “Tasmanian devil” may bring up images of cartoon tornados and scattered debris. The Warner Brothers character Taz was portrayed as dim-witted, destructive and wacky. But real Tasmanian devils are anything but.
“They all have very unique personalities,” says Abram Tompkins, supervisor at captive breeding facility Devil Ark in New South Wales, Australia. “They’re not the feisty, ferocious animals that most people perceive them as. Most devils are actually quite timid, yet curious.”
The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) is an endangered marsupial found only on the Tasmanian Islands off the south-east coast of Australia. It may grow to only 8kg, but that still makes the Tasmanian devil the largest living carnivorous marsupial on Earth.
Marsupials are a small but endearing branch of the mammalian family tree. Along with the egg-laying “monotremes“, like the Platypus, they are sisters to the placental mammals, a group that includes everything else, from humans to elephants and from mice to lions.
Unfortunately, marsupials have not fared well with the expansion of human civilisation, and they are now restricted to small pockets of habitat in Australasia and South America. The Tasmanian tiger, or Thylacine, was another carnivorous marsupial once found in Australasia. It was driven to extinction in the early 20th Century. Weighing up to 30kg, the Tasmanian tiger held the title of “largest living carnivorous marsupial” until it was wiped out.
Like other marsupials, the Tasmanian devil has suffered major population declines due to loss of habitat, hunting, invasive species and disease. Once common across Australia and Tasmania, the devils were lost from the Australian mainland around 400 years ago. They are now only found in the wild on Maria Island, Robbins Island and the island of Tasmania.
dim-witted:adj. 笨的,傻的
wacky: adj. 古怪的
feisty: adj. 活跃的;好争吵的
ferocious: adj. 凶猛的, 残忍的
perceive: v. 察觉;感知
marsupial: n. 有袋目哺乳动物; adj. 有袋的
endear:v. 使…受钟爱;使…亲密
monotremes: n. 单孔类动物
placental: adj. 胎盘的
invasive: adj. 扩散性的; 蔓延性的