PTE考生目前最大的问题之一就是练习题缺乏。除了有限的基本官方书（PLUS，Testbuilder, OG）之外就没有题了。很多英语基础不是很扎实的同学很难找到练习材料。悉尼文波雅思PTE培训学校专门为澳洲，尤其是悉尼、墨尔本的PTE考生准备了适合PTE听力阅读练习的科学60秒。各位PTE同学可以练习PTE听力中的summarise spoken text和PTE口语中的retell lecture，PTE听力口语-科学60秒-Frosty Moss练习记笔记技巧和复述。废话少说，下面开始：
听力内容：
60秒科学节目（SSS）是科学美国人网站的一套广播栏目，英文名称：Scientific American – 60 Second Science,节目内容以科学报道为主，节目仅一分钟的时间，主要对当今的科学技术新发展作以简明、通俗的介绍，对于科学的发展如何影响人们的生活环境、健康状况及科学技术，提供了大量简明易懂的阐释。
This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I’m Christopher Intagliata.
Your nose may be the first place you think of as a source of mucus. But mucus is a major player in your gut, too. “There’s antimicrobial peptides and proteins that are present in there. Bacteria live in there and forage on the carbohydrates. And it’s a lubricant, it helps sweep contents down the GI tract, without injuring the epithelial layer.”
Eric Martens, a microbiologist at the University of Michigan. He says farther down the GI tract, in the colon, the mucus builds a wall: a barrier against friendly bacteria, “as well as pathogens that could be transiting through.” But here’s the problem: your gut bacteria may chew right through that wall—if you skimp on fiber in your diet.
Martens and his team modeled that scenario in mice who’d been born free of microbes. They seeded the mice’s guts with a human gut microbiome—then fed them a high-fiber diet: raw milled corn, whole wheat, whole soybeans and oats. “It’s about as raw of a diet as you can get.” The human equivalent: double our recommended daily intake of fiber. “It’s a lot of kale.”
That extreme high-fiber diet helped keep the mucus barrier intact. But in mice that had zero fiber—or the kind of soluble fiber typically added to processed foods—the fiber-eating members of the gut dwindled. Their absence opened up more real estate for mucus-munching bacteria, which boomed in number, and tore through the protective mucus wall—leaving intestinal cells open for microbial attack. The study is in the journal Cell.
The results suggest that “the recent history of your diet could predispose how you react to an enteric pathogen.” And they’re yet another endorsement of the magical properties of plant fiber. “Eating natural vegetables, raw vegetables, cooked veggies, whole grains, is definitely good for you.” The good news is, the mice’s gut bacteria bounced back within a day to a change in diet. So eat for the gut you want. Not the gut you have.
Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science Science. I’m Christopher Intagliata.
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