作为雅思新晋的热门考点，犯罪类话题应该是今年大家重点备考的对象，另外关于枪械管理的辩论也是政府类题材的常见topic。今天墨尔本文波雅思为大家解析的这篇热点新闻就完全覆盖了这两类题型，同时看看奥巴马在离任前为何变得如此“感性”？
Barack Obama: US gun control inaction must end
奥巴马说：美国对于枪支管理的不作为必须结束了！
An emotional US President Barack Obama has unveiled（揭示了） new restrictions on gun purchases at the White House, saying the “constant excuses for inaction” have to stop.
The White House has outlined his plans for executive action, which focus on background checks.
重点在于背景调查（买枪还是合法的，但买的人必须背景清白）
Most of the actions can be carried out without Congressional approval（国会批准）.
“That’s why we’re here, not to do something about the last mass shooting（大规模枪击）, but to prevent the next one,” he said.
“The gun lobby may be holding Congress hostage right now, but they can’t hold America hostage,” Mr Obama said.
这句有点霸气：“枪械组织可以把国会当作人质筹码，但他们无法绑架这个国家！”
Hold…hostage 扣作人质
He gave his remarks（致辞） surrounded by survivors and relatives of victims of shootings, recalling mass shootings in the US in the past few years and everyday gun violence in cities like Chicago.
幸存者和受害者家属参与了发布活动；芝加哥每天都会发生枪支暴力。
Analysis
议论分析
An emotional President Barack Obama employed all of his rhetorical skill（修辞技巧） to justify what are, in reality, executive actions that modestly（谨慎地） expand federal regulation of firearm（枪炮） sales.
Standing in a room filled with victims of gun violence, he explained that the murder of schoolchildren in Newtown, Connecticut, changed him – and that he hoped it would change the country.
学生被枪杀事件改变了奥巴马，他希望这件事能继而改变整个国家（对枪支的态度）。
Three years have passed since that school massacre（大屠杀）, however, and the country hasn’t changed. While some states have toughened their laws, others have expanded gun rights and the US Congress has taken no action.
三年过去了什么都没有改变，国会无作为，某些地方持枪权利范围还扩大了!
So Mr Obama did what he could, and wrapped the move in language that sounded more appropriate for a ceremony announcing the passage of sweeping legislation（彻底的立法措施） that, in today’s political environment, has no chance of reaching his presidential desk.
And even this small move will likely be fiercely challenged（被猛烈挑战） in court, in Congress and at the ballot box（投票箱） by whichever Republican wins the nomination fight to replace him in 2017.
这么一个小小的举措都会受到法庭、国会和下届总统选举的挑战和阻挠。
Gun violence is significantly higher in the US than in other advanced countries, killing about 30,000 people each year.
小伙伴们注意！美国的枪支暴力事件发生频率是所有发达国家中最高的，每年居然被枪杀3万人之多！美剧里的情节天天都在发生！
Congress has been reluctant to pass any laws restricting gun ownership, facing pressure from gun owners and the powerful National Rifle Association.
来自枪支持有者和国家枪械组织的压力一直让国会无法作为。
Mr Obama tried to pass expanded background check legislation in 2012 after the shooting in Newtown, Connecticut, that left 20 children and six adults dead but it failed in Congress.
2012年校园枪击案发生后奥巴马尝试通过加强持枪背景检查法案，但被国会否决。
The executive actions include:
具体内容如下
Background checks for all gun sellers, overturning current exemptions to some online and gun show sellers
所有卖枪的都要查背景。
States providing information on people disqualified from buying guns due to mental illness or domestic violence.
提供被剥夺持枪权的精神病人和暴徒的信息。
Increased workforce for the FBI to process background checks, hiring more than 230 new examiners
新雇佣230名FBI检察院调查审核持枪背景。
Congress being asked to invest $500m (£339m) to improve access to mental healthcare in the US
国会投资5亿美元改善精神病治疗设施环境。
The departments of defense, justice and homeland security exploring “smart gun technology” to improve gun safety。
国防部，司法部和国土安全局负责研发智能枪械技术改善枪支安全。
The announcement is already shaping up to be an issue in the 2016 presidential election.
Leading Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton tweeted: “@POTUS is right: We can protect the second Amendment（第二修正案，内容为保护枪支持有权） while protecting our families and communities from gun violence. And we have to.”
Republican candidate Senator Ted Cruz tweeted that the executive actions are unconstitutional（违反宪法的）, with a link to sign up for his campaign correspondence on a webpage that says “Obama wants your guns” with a photo of the president in an army jacket and hat.
Former Florida governor Jeb Bush tweeted that he would repeal（否决） the actions and protect the Second Amendment.
During Mr Obama’s speech, comedian Amy Schumer, cousin of New York Senator Chuck Schumer, was in the audience. Two women died in a shooting at a movie theatre in Louisiana during a showing of her movie Trainwreck.
Gabby Giffords, a former congresswoman who survived a shooting, was there as well, in addition to many relatives of victims and survivors of mass shooting.
许多受害者家属和相关名人到场支持奥巴马，可惜大多数国会议员持反对意见，美国枪械管理法的争论仍将继续！
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