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Scientific detective work on fossils collected in Victorian times has identified two new species of Ichthyosaurs – the giant reptiles that swam at the time of the dinosaurs. Ichthyosaurs were fierce predators, growing up to 15m in length. The dolphin-shaped creatures patrolled the seas at a time when the UK was a series of small islands. They were among the first skeletons to be discovered by early British fossil-hunters, at a time when theories of evolution and concepts of geology were in their infancy. The reptile fossils were categorised as new species on the basis of distinctive features of their skull and other bones. One of the new species was identified from a complete skeleton of an ichthyosaur that has been on display at the University of Bristol for more than 30 years. The other – originally found in a quarry in Glastonbury – was donated to Philadelphia’s Academy of Natural Sciences in 1847. The specimen had been in storage, and few people even knew of its existence.
Ichthyosaur: n. 鱼龙
patrol: n./v. 巡逻
infancy: n. 婴儿期;幼年;初期
skull: n. 头盖骨,脑壳
skeleton:n. 骨架,骨骼
quarry: n. (采)石场;露天矿场